Python模块--smtplib、email-白红宇

Python模块--smtplib、email

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发布时间：2019-06-27

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概述

smtplib模块和email模块均是内置模块，smtplib模块提供了smtp协议功能，email模块提供了编写MIME格式内容的功能。

SMTP

SMTP（Simple Mail Transfer Protocol）即简单邮件传输协议，属于TCP/IP协议簇，帮助每台计算机在发送或中转信件时找到下一个目的地。

MIME

MIME（Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions）多用途互联网邮件扩展类型，决定了邮件的组成内容和结构。

python实例

第一段代码

#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import email

import mimetypes

from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart

from email.MIMEText import MIMEText

from email.MIMEImage import MIMEImage

import smtplib

def sendEmail(authInfo, fromAdd, toAdd, subject, plainText, htmlText):

strFrom = fromAdd

strTo = ', '.join(toAdd)

server = authInfo.get('server')

user = authInfo.get('user')

passwd = authInfo.get('password')

if not (server and user and passwd) :

print 'incomplete login info, exit now'

return

# 设定root信息

msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')

msgRoot['Subject'] = subject

msgRoot['From'] = strFrom

msgRoot['To'] = strTo

msgRoot.preamble = 'This is a multi-part message in MIME format.'

# Encapsulate the plain and HTML versions of the message body in an

# 'alternative' part, so message agents can decide which they want to display.

msgAlternative = MIMEMultipart('alternative')

msgRoot.attach(msgAlternative)

#设定纯文本信息

msgText = MIMEText(plainText, 'plain', 'utf-8')

msgAlternative.attach(msgText)

#设定HTML信息

msgText = MIMEText(htmlText, 'html', 'utf-8')

msgAlternative.attach(msgText)

#设定内置图片信息

fp = open('test.jpg', 'rb')

msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())

fp.close()

msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')

msgRoot.attach(msgImage)

#发送邮件

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

#设定调试级别，依情况而定

smtp.set_debuglevel(1)

smtp.connect(server)

smtp.login(user, passwd)

smtp.sendmail(strFrom, strTo, msgRoot.as_string())

smtp.quit()

return

if __name__ == '__main__' :

authInfo = {}

authInfo['server'] = 'smtp.somehost.com'

authInfo['user'] = 'username'

authInfo['password'] = 'password'

fromAdd = 'username@somehost.com'

toAdd = ['someone@somehost.com', 'other@somehost.com']

subject = '邮件主题'

plainText = '这里是普通文本'

htmlText = 'HTML文本'

sendEmail(authInfo, fromAdd, toAdd, subject, plainText, htmlText)

文件形式的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3

#coding: utf-8

import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText

from email.header import Header

sender = '***'

receiver = '***'

subject = 'python email test'

smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'

username = '***'

password = '***'

msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8')#中文需参数‘utf-8'，单字节字符不需要

msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')

smtp.login(username, password)

smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())

smtp.quit()

HTML形式的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3

#coding: utf-8

import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText

sender = '***'

receiver = '***'

subject = 'python email test'

smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'

username = '***'

password = '***'

msg = MIMEText('<html><h1>你好</h1></html>','html','utf-8')

msg['Subject'] = subject

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')

smtp.login(username, password)

smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())

smtp.quit()

带图片的HTML邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3

#coding: utf-8

import smtplib

from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

from email.mime.text import MIMEText

from email.mime.image import MIMEImage

sender = '***'

receiver = '***'

subject = 'python email test'

smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'

username = '***'

password = '***'

msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')

msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message'

msgText = MIMEText('Some HTML text and an image. <img src="cid:image1"> good!','html','utf-8')

msgRoot.attach(msgText)

fp = open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb')

msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())

fp.close()

msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')

msgRoot.attach(msgImage)

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')

smtp.login(username, password)

smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())

smtp.quit()

带附件的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3

#coding: utf-8

import smtplib

from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

from email.mime.text import MIMEText

from email.mime.image import MIMEImage

sender = '***'

receiver = '***'

subject = 'python email test'

smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'

username = '***'

password = '***'

msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')

msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message'

#构造附件

att = MIMEText(open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')

att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'

att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'

msgRoot.attach(att)

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')

smtp.login(username, password)

smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())

smtp.quit()

群邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3

#coding: utf-8

import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText

sender = '***'

receiver = ['***','****',……]

subject = 'python email test'

smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'

username = '***'

password = '***'

msg = MIMEText('你好','plain','utf-8')

msg['Subject'] = subject

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')

smtp.login(username, password)

smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())

smtp.quit()

各种元素都包含的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3

#coding: utf-8

import smtplib

from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart

from email.mime.text import MIMEText

from email.mime.image import MIMEImage

sender = '***'

receiver = '***'

subject = 'python email test'

smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'

username = '***'

password = '***'

# Create message container - the correct MIME type is multipart/alternative.

msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')

msg['Subject'] = "Link"

# Create the body of the message (a plain-text and an HTML version).

text = "Hi!\nHow are you?\nHere is the link you wanted:\nhttp://www.python.org"

html = """\

<html>

<body>

Hi!

How are you?

Here is the <a href="http://www.python.org">link</a> you wanted.

</body>

</html>

"""

# Record the MIME types of both parts - text/plain and text/html.

part1 = MIMEText(text, 'plain')

part2 = MIMEText(html, 'html')

# Attach parts into message container.

# According to RFC 2046, the last part of a multipart message, in this case

# the HTML message, is best and preferred.

msg.attach(part1)

msg.attach(part2)

#构造附件

att = MIMEText(open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')

att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'

att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'

msg.attach(att)

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')

smtp.login(username, password)

smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())

smtp.quit()

基于SSL的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3

#coding: utf-8

import smtplib

from email.mime.text import MIMEText

from email.header import Header

sender = '***'

receiver = '***'

subject = 'python email test'

smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'

username = '***'

password = '***'

msg = MIMEText('你好','plain','utf-8')#中文需参数‘utf-8'，单字节字符不需要

msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')

smtp.ehlo()

smtp.starttls()

smtp.ehlo()

smtp.set_debuglevel(1)

smtp.login(username, password)

smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())

smtp.quit()

参考帖子

或

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/sky58/p/8728074.html

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